Question31

题目：Many business values can result in ____. 听力原文定位句：They can actually cause damage, which is not at all the intention. 原文句中文翻译：它们实际上会造成损害，而这完全不是初衷。 同义替换：cause = result in 造成，导致 替换中文：cause 等同于 result in（导致） 听力原文句解析： 讲座开篇提出，很多商业价值观虽然出发点是好的，但会带来负面后果。cause damage 对应题干result in，名词 damage 为答案。 题目解析（中文）：许多商业价值观可能会造成。result in 和 cause 同义替换，原文直接给出 damage，答案 damage。

Question32

题目：Senior managers need to understand and deal with the potential ________ that may result. 听力原文定位句：But all too often the right thing backfires if those leaders adopt values without understanding and managing the side effects that arise. 原文句中文翻译：但管理者在采纳价值观时，如果不了解并处理随之产生的副作用，好事往往会适得其反。 同义替换：managing = deal with 处理；that arise = that may result 随之产生 = 由此带来 替换中文：managing 等同于 deal with（处理）；that arise 等同于 that may result（由此产生） 听力原文句解析：side effects副作用，是管理者需要理解并处理的潜在问题。形容词 potential 修饰 side effects。 题目解析（中文）：高层管理者需要理解并处理潜在的、由此产生的____。原文 side effects，答案 side effects。

Question33

题目：During a training course, the speaker was in a team that had to build a ____. 听力原文定位句：On a management training course I once attended, we were put into groups and had to construct a bridge across a stream, using building blocks that we were given. 原文句中文翻译：我曾经参加一门管理培训课程，我们被分组，要用积木搭建一座横跨小溪的桥。 同义替换：construct = build 建造 替换中文：construct 等同于 build（建造） 听力原文句解析：construct=build，冠词 a 后面接单数名词 bridge。 题目解析（中文）：在一次培训课上，演讲者所在小组需要搭建一座。construct 替换 build，答案 bridge。

Question34

题目：Other teams experienced ________ from trying to collaborate. 听力原文定位句：The other teams tried to collaborate on building the structure, and descended into confusion, with everyone getting in each other’s way. 原文句中文翻译：其他小组尝试合作搭建结构，最后陷入混乱，所有人互相妨碍。 同义替换：descended into = experienced 陷入 = 经历、遭遇 替换中文：descended into 等同于 experienced（遭遇，陷入） 听力原文句解析：其他团队强行合作，最后陷入混乱。experienced 后面接名词 confusion。 题目解析（中文）：其他团队因为尝试合作而遭遇____。原文描述合作带来混乱，答案 confusion。

Question35

题目：Sales of a ________ were poor because of collaboration. 听力原文定位句：Teamwork can also lead to inconsistency – a common cause of poor sales. In the case of a smartphone that a certain company launched, different teams had conflicting priorities. 原文句中文翻译：团队合作也会导致前后不一致，这是销量不佳的常见原因。某公司推出的一款智能手机案例中，不同团队工作重点互相冲突。 同义替换：poor sales = sales were poor 销量差 替换中文：poor sales 等同于 sales were poor（销量不佳） 听力原文句解析：举例子说明团队协作矛盾导致产品销量差，产品是 smartphone。 题目解析（中文）：一款____因为团队协作问题销量惨淡。原文案例产品为智能手机，答案 smartphone。

Question36

题目：Hard work may be a bad use of various company ____. 听力原文定位句：But this kind of industriousness can mean you use up the company’s time and money unnecessarily. In other words, it’s a waste of resources. 原文句中文翻译：但是这种 “埋头苦干” 可能意味着不必要地消耗公司的时间与资金。换句话说，这是资源的浪费。 同义替换：a waste of = a bad use of 浪费 = 不当使用 替换中文：a waste of 等同于 a bad use of（浪费、不当利用） 听力原文句解析：hard work 如果盲目进行，会浪费公司各类资源。various 修饰复数名词 resources。 题目解析（中文）：盲目苦干会不当消耗公司各类。a waste of 和 bad use 替换，答案 resources。

Question37

题目：The word 'lazy' in this context refers to people who avoid doing tasks that are ________. 听力原文定位句：Here ‘lazy’ means having a rational determination not to carry out unnecessary tasks. 原文句中文翻译：这里所说的 “懒惰”，是指理性地决定不去执行不必要的任务。 同义替换：not carry out = avoid doing 不去执行 = 避免去做 替换中文：not carry out 等同于 avoid doing（避免执行） 听力原文句解析：定语从句修饰 tasks，形容词 unnecessary 修饰 tasks。 题目解析（中文）：本段语境里的 “懒惰” 指人们会避开____的任务。原文 unnecessary，答案 unnecessary。

Question38

题目：An advertising campaign for a ________ was memorable but failed to boost sales. 听力原文定位句：There was a very memorable advertising campaign for a chocolate bar a few years ago. Everyone remembers it, but hardly anyone bought the product, so sales didn’t go up at all. 原文句中文翻译：几年前有一个巧克力棒广告宣传活动，让人印象深刻。所有人都记住广告，但几乎没人购买产品，销量完全没有提升。 同义替换：didn’t go up = failed to boost 没有上涨 = 未能提升 替换中文：didn’t go up 等同于 failed to boost（未能提升） 听力原文句解析：广告案例，产品是 chocolate bar，广告令人难忘，但是没能拉动销量。 题目解析（中文）：一款____的广告宣传令人印象深刻，但无法提升销量。原文案例产品 chocolate bar，答案 chocolate bar。

Question39

题目：Creativity should be used as a response to a particular ____. 听力原文定位句：Creativity should not be used just for its own sake. It should be a response to a specific problem. 原文句中文翻译：创意不应该为了创意而创意。它应当用来应对某个具体的问题。 同义替换：specific = particular 特定的、具体的；be a response to 原词重现 替换中文：specific 等同于 particular（特定的） 听力原文句解析：specific=particular，冠词 a 后面接名词 problem。 题目解析（中文）：创意应当用来应对某个特定的。specific 替换 particular，答案 problem。

Question40

题目：According to one study, on average, pioneers had a ________ that was far higher than that of followers. 听力原文定位句：One study found that pioneers had higher market share on average than those who entered the market later. 原文句中文翻译：一项研究发现，先行者平均拥有比后来进入市场的追随者更高的市场份额。 同义替换：those who entered the market later = followers 后来入市者 = 跟随者；higher = far higher 更高 替换中文：those who entered the market later 等同于 followers（跟随者，后来者） 听力原文句解析：研究对比市场先行者和跟随者，先行者拥有更高 market share。 题目解析（中文）：一项研究表明，平均而言市场先行者的____远高于跟随者。原文 market share，答案 market share。

同义替换

1. cause = result in 造成，导致
2. managing = deal with 处理
3. that arise = that may result 随之产生
4. construct = build 建造
5. descended into = experienced 陷入，遭遇
6. poor sales = sales were poor 销量不佳
7. a waste of = a bad use of 浪费 = 不当使用
8. not carry out = avoid doing 不去执行，避免做
9. didn’t go up = failed to boost 没有上涨，无法提升
10. specific = particular 特定的
11. those who entered the market later = followers 后期进入市场者 = 跟随者

高频考点 & 陷阱词

1. S4 学术讲座，全篇一次性连续播放，没有停顿，审题预判极其关键，提前预判空格词性（大多名词 / 形容词）。
2. 同义替换大量使用转述改写，很少原词直接匹配题干。
3. 字数限制：NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS，严格遵守。
4. 单复数留意：resources 复数；其余大多单数名词。
5. 主题词汇：collaboration 协作；industriousness 勤奋；creativity 创造力；excellence 卓越；side effects 副作用；market share 市场份额。

同义替换

1. cause = result in 造成 = 导致
2. managing = deal with 处理、管控 = 处理
3. that arise = that may result 随之产生 = 由此带来
4. construct = build 建造 = 搭建
5. descended into = experienced 陷入 = 遭遇、经历
6. poor sales = sales were poor 销量不佳 = 销量很差
7. a waste of = a bad use of 浪费 = 不当使用
8. not carry out = avoid doing 不去执行 = 避免做某事
9. didn’t go up = failed to boost 没有上涨 = 未能提升
10. specific = particular 具体的 = 特定的
11. those who entered the market later = followers 后期进入市场的人 = 跟随者

本篇核心主题词

damage 损害 side effects 副作用 bridge 桥 confusion 混乱 smartphone 智能手机 resources 资源 unnecessary 不必要的 chocolate bar 巧克力棒 problem 问题 market share 市场份额 collaboration 合作 industriousness 勤奋 creativity 创造力

考场听音提醒

1. S4 无停顿，提前预判空格词性：名词 / 形容词，这篇 37 题填形容词，其余填空基本是名词。
2. 字数限制：答案不超过 2 个单词，注意 chocolate bar、side effects、market share 这类双词答案，不要漏写。
3. 逻辑信号词：but /however/in other words /for example，答案经常出现在这类信号词后面。
4. 单复数：resources 是复数名词，其余答案大多单数，听的时候留意尾音 s。