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强调句型（The Emphatic Pattern)

 

英语常用的做说结构是“his(was)一极强调部分（主语、宾语或状语）+who(that)..."、一般说来，被强调部分推人时，用who,指事物时间that,但that也可以指人，在美国英语中指事物时常用which 来代替 that。

 

例1 It is the playgoers, the Royal Shakespeare Company contends, who bring in much of the town's revenue because they spend the night (some of them four or five nights)pouring cash into the hotels and restaurants.

[注释]强调句型强调主语 the playgoers。the Royal Shakespeare Company contends是插入句。

 

It is the playgoers who bring in much of the town's revenue.

It is the book that is new.

It is the beauty that makes you happy.

It is the time when you do the job.

It is the location where you live.

It is the reason why I work here.

When，where，how，why

 

[译文]皇家莎士比亚公司认为，正是这些看戏的人带来了这个城镇的大部分收入，因为他们源源不绝地把钱花在旅馆过夜（其中有些人住4~5夜）和餐厅就餐。

 

例2 It was not until he entered the classroom that he realized that he had forgotten to do the homework.

 

[注释]强调句型强调 not until引导的时间状语从句。注意强调句型强调时间状语时不能用when来引导，而应该用that来引导。

not until...that+从句...【直到......才......】

It is/was not until +句子... that+从句...【直到......，才......】

直到你完成作业，才出去。It is not until you finish your homework that you can go out.

[译文]直到他走进课堂，他才意识到他忘记做家庭作业。

 

例3 It was Isadora Duncan who was responsible for many of the innovations that have made modern dance different from classical ballet .

 

[注释]时态要前后照应。be responsible for对……负责；是……产生的原因。

 

[译文]许多革新使现代舞有别于芭蕾舞，这些革新应归功于Isadora Duncan。

 

例4 It is only when you nearly lose someone that you become fully conscious of how much you value him.

 

It is only when+从句...that+从句...【只有当......时，才......】

[注释]强调句型强调 when引导的时间从句。

密度How much the water is

[译文]只有当你几乎失去某人时，你才充分意识到你对他的珍视程度。

 

例5 It is the news that deprives most parents of the hope that there is a safe and socially roved road to a kind of life they themselves have not had, but their children can.

 

It is...that+从句...=It is ...to do sth

 

[注释]that的先行词the news是单数第三人称。deprive sb.of sth.使某人失去某物。

 

[译文]正是这条消息使许多家长失去了希望，即希望有一条安全的并且社会认同的道路来过家长们自已没有过过，但是他们的孩子能够过的一种生活。

 

例6 It is the business of the scientist to accumulate knowledge about the universe and all that is in it, and to find, if he is able, common factors which account for the facts that he knows.

 

The oil whose percentage emerged/existed accounted for 20% in 1999.

He likes the books and all that are about it.

 

[注释]that is in it是定语从句修饰先行词all。注意本题从形式上看是很像强调句型，而实际上并非如此，因为句中It是形式主语，动词不定式作实际主语。

 

[译文]科学家的任务是积累有关宇宙以及宇宙中一切事物的知识，并且如果有能力的话，找到能说明他所知道的事实的普遍原因。

 

例7 It is the decline of active play and,I suppose,the enormous growth of purely receptive entertainment that have given rise to a sociological interest in the problem.

 

[注释]本句是强调句型强调两个并列主语，故that引导的分句中谓语用have given....give rise to产生；引起。

 

[译文]正是积极娱乐的减少和我想纯粹的感官消遣的大大增加引起了社会学对这个问题的关注

 

例8 It is the uses to which television is put that determine its value to society.

 

[注释]put sth.to use(使用……）。to which television is put是定语从句修饰先行词 uses,that引导强调句型中的主语，其先行词是uses。

put television to use【使用......】动宾结构= 被动结构 the use to which television is put

give me the book=the book that I am give

pour the water into the bottle=the bottle into which the water is poured

 

[译文]正是电视机的用途决定了它对社会的价值。