同等学力申硕英语补全短文教材一（在职硕士）
Part V Text Completion (20 minutes, 20 points)
Directions:In this part, there are three incomplete texts with 20 questions(Ranging from 56 to75). Above each text there are three or four phrases to be completed. First, use the choices pro-vided in the box to complete the phrases. Second, use the completed phrases to fill in the blanks of the text. Note you should blacken the letters that indicate your answers on the Answer Sheet.
Text One
A. watch
B. information
C.with
Phrases:
A. associated 56 a 22-minute reduction in their life expectancy
B. lived an average 4.8 years less than those who didn't 57 any television
C. when they collected TV viewing 58
Sitting in front of the television may be relaxing, but spending too much time in front of the TV may take years off your life. That's what Australian researchers found, 59 from more than 11,000 people older than 25 years. The study found that people who watched an average six hours of TV a day 60 . Also, every hour of TV that participants watched after age 25 was 61 . The more TV you watch, the less physically active you are. And the less exercise you get, the more likely you are to develop diseases such as diabetes or heart problems.
Text Two
A. decrease
B. liquid
C. are used
Phrases:
A. The first relates to the treatment of wastes to 62 their pollution hazard
B. Effluents from sewage disposal plants 63 in some areas
C. "prior to" disposal and the treatment of 64 wastes
There are two ways by which the pollution problem can be dwindled. 65 . This involves the processing of solid wastes 66 , or effluents, to permit the reuse of the water or minimize pollution upon final disposal.
A second approach is to develop an economical use for all or a part of the wastes. Farm manure is spread in fields as a nutrient or organic supplement. 67 both for irrigation and for the nutrients contained.
Text Three
A. help maintain environmental quality
B. as people clear lands
C. depends on countless interactions
D. by overfishing and by pollution
Phrases:
A. 68 for homes and farms and cut wood for fuel
B. They also 69 by breaking down or removing some pollutants
C. fish supplies have been greatly reduced 70
D. 71 among plants, animals, and microorganisms
Wildlife plays a vital role in the biological processes that are essential to life itself. The functioning of the biosphere, and hence the maintenance of human life, 72 . These processes are essential for agriculture, fisheries, and other efforts necessary to human life. 73 and by preventing the pile-up of waste. Some of the biological processes in which wildlife is involved are seed scattering, soil generation, nutrient cycling and pest control.
No discussion of threats to wildlife is complete without an examination of the causes, which are human needs. In Africa, forests are shrinking 74 . Sheep eat the vegetation, leaving the bare soil to be carried away by wind and water. Humans kill wildlife for the illegal trade in furs. The loss of forests is destructive to many species and plants. Beyond that, in the oceans, 75 .
详解：
Text One
【内容概要】
本文介绍了看电视与寿命的关系——电视看得越多的人寿命越短。
【参考译文】
坐在电视机前可能很放松,但是花太多的时间看电视可能会缩烦寿命。这是決大利业研究者的发现,他们从超过11000个25岁以上的人中收集他们观看电视的信息。研究发现每天看6小时电视的人比不看电视的人平均少活4.8年。并且25岁后每看一个小时电视与寿命缩热22分钟是有联系的。看电视越多,身体就越不活跃。越少镇炼,人们就越有可能得病,如糖尿病和心脑病。
【精解精析】
56.C。此处考查固定搭配。associate with表示“与……联系”。故选C。
57.A。didn't后面需要接谓语动词,三个选项中只有watch为动词,故选A。
58.B。此处需要一个名词来作collect的宾语,只能选information。故选B。
59.C。此处填入以when引导的时间状语从句,表示前面的结论是在收集看电视信息的时候得出的。故选C。
60.B。此句需要填入宾语从句的谓语动词。根据上下文的含义和句子结构的要求,此处填入B选项最合适,意思是每天看6个小时电视的人比不看电视的人平均少活4.8年。故选B。
61.A。be associated with为固定搭配,因此可初步判定选A。同时根据also表示递进和并列,可知此处也在讲看电视与寿命的关系,A选项填入后意思是“25岁后每看一个小时电视与寿命缩短22分钟是有联系的。”故选A。
Text Two
【内容概要】
本文介绍减少环境污染问题的两种方法:一种是废料和污水处理,另一种是设法将废物经过处理重复再用。
【参考译文】
有两种方法可以减少污染问题。第一种涉及废物处理以减少污染危害。这就牵沙到在处理固体垃圾之前,先得处理液体垃圾的问题(或废水),允许重复利用水或通过最终处理来减少污染。
第二种方法是开发利用全部或部分的废物达到节约目的。农场的肥料被撤到农田里作为营养物和有机肥料使用。废水厂处理后的流出物就被用于灌混农田或用作其他营养物。
【精解精析】
62.A。本文开头介绍减少环境污染有两种方法,紧接着应该是介绍第一种方法是对废物进行处理,而这种处理的目的自然就是要降低污染带来的危险,用decrease这个词,意为“减少”,故选A。
63.C。因为来自污水厂的Effluents(流出物)作主语,谓语要用are used被动形式。故选C。
64.B。根据句意可知,在处理固体垃圾之前,先得处理一种垃圾,自然可以设想是“液体”垃圾,只有liquid有液体的意思,故选B。
65.A。段首句介绍有两种废物处理方法。后面紧接着应该从第一种说起,故选A。
66.C。这半句话的意思指的是“这就牵涉到在处理固体垃圾之前,先得处理液体垃圾的问题”。并且“liquid wastes”和“or effluents”衔接。故选C。
67.B。这一句的上一句讲“农场的肥料被撒到农田里作为营养物和有机肥料使用”、紧接着自然要说液体废料的处理用途了。本句的意思是:“废水厂处理后的流出物就被用于灌派农田或用作其他营养物。”故选B。
Text Three
【内容概要】
本文讲的是野生动物对人类及自然环境的重要作用。
【参考译文】
野生动物在生命本身不可缺少的生物过程中起着重要作用。生物圈的功能发挥以及人类生命维持都取决于植物、动物和微生物之间无数的相互影响。对于农业、渔业和其他人类生命必需的努力来说,这些过程是不可缺少的。这些过程通过分解或清除污染物,防止垃圾堆积,有助于维持环境质量。野生动物参与的一些生物过程包括传播种子、形成土壤、营养物循环以及防治害虫。要充分讨论野生动物面临的各种威胁就必须研究其原因,这就是人类的需求。在非洲,随着人们开坚土地充当家园和农场、伐木充当燃料,森林的面积正在减少。羊群吃掉植被,剩下光票票的土壤被风刮走或被水冲走。人类捕杀野生动物从事非法的兽皮贸易。森林的消失使许多种动植物处于危险境地。此外,在海洋中,由于过量捕鱼和污染,鱼的供应量已大大减少。
【精解精析】
68.B。as people clear lands的意思是“随着人们开星土地”,和后面的“for homes and farms”吻合。故选B。
69.A。help maintain environmental quality 是“帮助维持环境质量”的意思,跟后面的“通过分解和清除污染物”一致。故选A。
70.D。by后面的词说明鱼减少的原因。故选D。
71.C。这句话的意思是“取决于植物、动物和微生物之间无数的相互影响”。故选C。
72.D。前面说的是:生物圈的功能发挥以及人类生命维持。后面用“depend on…”表明条件。故选D。
73.B。本题前句讲的是生物圈的功能及重要性,所以后面接着也可以维持环境质量。故选B。
74.A。空格前说的是森林正在减少,后句应该讲为什么减少。故选A。
75.C。本题前面说的是“in the oceans”,说到海洋自然会想到“鱼的供应”这样的选项。故选C。
