英语专业四级写作3：是否应该关闭公共卫生间
【1】
Read carefully the following excerpt on real-name package delivery in China, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 200 words, in which you should:
●summarize the main message of the excerpt,and then
●comment on whether sending package should require real-name registration.
You should support yourself with information from the excerpt.
Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks.
Under New Crackdown, Sending Packages Now Requires an ID Card
China's State Post Bureau announced on Monday that it will start a nationwide campaign to crack down on illegal activities by enforcing real-name registration for senders. The nation's new rules require senders to present official ID, especially when sending from a public place, such as hotels or train stations. The rules also stipulate that packages should go through an X-ray machine for a security check.
China began to mull a real-name registration policy in the industry after parcels tainted with toxic chemicals killed a man in East China's Shandong Province and poisoned seven others in December 2013.
A staff member surnamed Chen working in a post office in Hohhot said that senders must take their original ID cards to the post office."The couriers will scan and record your ID information.
Senders don't need to worry about personal information being in secure. For instance, there will be specially-assigned personnel to keep and manage all this information," Chen added.
However, many Net users still expressed concern over the leak of personal information in real-name registration. Zhu Hong, an associate professor told the mass media that whether the real-name registration system would hold back packages containing illegal or hazardous goods is not clear. "We can trace the senders now with phone numbers. Registering ID cards might only speed up the process a bit".
写作思路
考生在下笔之前应先审题,明确写作要求:针对“寄送包裹是否应该实名制“这一热议话题,首先总结材料中的主要观点,然后提出个人看法。文章结构可安排如下:
第一段:简要概括材料中所指明的现象。因为快递运输过程中出现的事故,我国近来出台以下政策,要求寄送包裹的人在寄送时要使用身份证进行实名登记。然而该政策并没有完全消除所有的危险且会带来隐私泄露的风险。我个人的看法是,寄送包裹应该实名制,但应该加强法规,以减少隐患。
第二段:国家的政策实行之后仍然有很多问题。第一,在某些省份依然有人使用假名;第二,很多寄件人不配合政策,不愿意提供实名;第三,最严重的问题就是实名制后出现大量个人隐私被盗用的问题。
第三段:重申观点——使用快递不可避免,实名制也是必须,怎么保护好自己的个人信息,让寄件者和快递公司更好地合作是我们要考虑的问题。
精品范文
Real-Name Parcel Delivery, Security Guarantee or Privacy Threat?
A severe incident that parcels tainted with toxic chemicals had killed a man in 2013 caused China's State Post Bureau to enforce real-name registration for senders using the national courier service. That is to say, the senders are required to present their official ID when they deliver goods.However, in spite of the new rules, there is still a concern over the leak of personal information in real-name registration and the new system is not assured to hold back the danger caused by illegal or hazardous goods. Therefore, as far as I am concerned, real-name parcel delivery is necessary but much more new regulations should be put forward to deal with the new privacy threat it brings about.
There are many serious threats even after the state's policy is carried out. Firstly, in some provinces the parcels with fake sender names are still accepted and most couriers fail to check what is inside the packages. Secondly, many of the senders refuse to work with the couriers, because they think it is unsafe to unveil their information, and therefore the couriers can hardly verify their real information. Thirdly,the worst problem is probably the leak of the personal information. If your phone number is leaked to real estate agents, you will have to receive lots of harassing phone calls, some of which may even indicate your name, your address, your workplace, and even your personal account.
As China moves into the era of E-commerce, courier services are gradually turning into an inseparable part of our life. At the same time, because of the lurking perils mentioned above, more strategies should be designed to help the senders and the delivery services better co-operate with each other in order to move in a much smoother way.
2013年,有人收到了一个涂有有毒化学品的包裹并因此而丧命。这件严重的事故引起了中国邮政当局的重视,决定实施寄件者在使用投递服务时必须使用实名制这一政策。换句话说,寄件者必须在寄件时出示自己的身份证。然而,尽管出台了新的条例,人们依然担心新的实名制系统会泄露自己的个人信息,而且新的系统也无法确保不发生由非法品或危险品导致的威胁。因此,就我个人而言,寄件实名制是必须的,但同时也要制定更多的规章制度来应对将会出现的新的隐私威胁。
在国家颁布了新的政策之后,依然有很多严重的威胁产生。第一,在一些省份,快递公司依然会接收以假名寄出的包裹。而快递公司也无法检查包裹里面究竟是什么。第二,很多寄件人不愿意与快递公司合作,因为他们认为向对方提供自己的个人信息是很不安全的。因此,快递公司也无法得到他们的真实信息。第三,最严重的问题恐怕还是信息泄漏的问题。如果你的电话号码泄漏给房地产公司,那你将不断地收到骚扰电话。其中一些可能能准确地说出你的姓名,地址,工作单位,甚至你的个人账户。
随着中国走进电子商务的时代,快递业已成为我们日常生活中不可缺少的一部分。同时,因为以上所说到的这些潜在的危险,我们应该制定更多的政策来帮助寄件者和快递公司更好的合作共赢,朝更好的发展而努力。
亮点词汇
taint vt.使污染
hold back 阻止
put forward to 提出
lurking a. 潜伏的
leak n. 泄露
hazardous a.有危险的
unveil v.使公之于众
peril n.危险
万能句型/精彩语句
1. Therefore, as far as I am concerned, real-name parcel delivery is necessary but much more new regulations should be put forward to deal with the new privacy threat it brings about.(提出自己的观点并给出建议)
因此,就我个人而言,寄件实名制是必须的,但同时也要制定更多的规章制度来应对将会出现的新的隐私威胁。
2. Secondly, many of the senders refuse to work with the couriers, because they think it is unsafe to unveil their information, and therefore the couriers can hardly verify their real information.(人们对实名制寄件的担忧)
第二,很多寄件人不愿意与快递公司合作,因为他们认为向对方提供自己的个人信息是很不安全的。因此,快递公司也无法得到他们的真实信息。
【2】
Read carefully the following excerpt on 2.5-day weekend in China, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 200 words, in which you should:
● summarize the main message of the excerpt, and then
● comment on whether 2.5-day weekend policy should be adopted in China.
You should support yourself with information from the excerpt.
Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks.
China to Implement 2.5-Day Weekends This Summer
The State Administration of Tourism is mulling over a new plan to create two-and-a-half day weekends across the country sometime by the summer. The idea is to give employees more family time and also stimulate tourism. A number of provinces and municipalities across China, including Hebei, Jiangxi and Chongqing, have issued new policies, calling on companies to create 2.5-day weekends.
Since being announced in November, the idea has begun gaining traction."It's a good thing for us, because we can obviously take more time to relax.""I think it's a good idea. There are so many people commuting on Fridays. The traffic is usually very crowded."
Liu Simin, Deputy Secretary General of the Beijing Tourism Society, says having 2.5-day weekends can help satisfy people's desire for more short trips. However, he notes the new policy is limited in scope."Three key points contained in this plan suggest it's only a benefit for a certain group of people. Firstly, it's not a rule, but rather a suggestion. Secondly, the plan is conditional.Lastly, it's only applied to the summer months, rather than to all year. Because of these stipulations, the coverage of the 2.5-day weekends is going to be very limited."Under the provisions, a 40-hour working week is still required, meaning employees who get 2.5-day weekends are going to have to make up the hours somewhere else during their week.
写作思路
本题给出的材料是针对是否应当推行两天半周末进行讨论,呈现了两种不同的观点。根据题目要求,先总结双方的观点,再给出自己的看法。文章可按下列结构来安排:
第一段:先整合概括正反双方的观点,然后表明自己的论点——在中国,不应采取两天半周末。
第二段:陈述自己的理由。首先,两天半周末并不能真正带来更多休息时间;第二,两天半周末实际上会造成半天工作时间的浪费。
第三段:总结全文——在中国,两天半周末不可行。
精品范文
No Need to Implement 2.5-Day Weekends
2.5-day weekends in summer has aroused a debate among the public as it concerns people's family time and vacation plans. Many people believe that longer weekend will bring us more time to relax and boost tourism industry. However, this plan is only applied in summer and is not compulsory for all companies, so it has limited stimulation for tourism. From my perspective, 2.5-day weekends should not be adopted in China.
Firstly, even though the plan is partially designed to encourage "leisure time," people are not necessarily given more time to spend with their families, because they need to make up the hours somewhere else during their week.So the plan does not make any sense if workers need to wake up earlier and stay up late during the other four days. Secondly, it is not worthwhile wasting a half day on Friday. If employees are allowed to take off at noon on Friday, it means most workers will be in a state of weekend in the morning on Friday, which may cause low efficiency in work. Meanwhile, companies will lose half-day productivity which is a great loss for small and medium enterprises. So we can predict that most private enterprises will not implement this non-compulsory policy.
All in all, 2.5-day weekends are neither necessary nor viable in China. So our weekend should be two days again this summer, same as they were ever.
夏天要实行两天半周末引起了公众的讨论,因为它涉及大家的家庭时间和假期计划的安排。许多人认为,较长的周末将带给我们更多的时间,促进旅游业发展。但是,这项计划只是适用于夏季,而且并非对所有公司都是强制性的,因此对旅游业的刺激作用有限。在我看来,两天半的周末不应该在中国采用。
首先,尽管设计这个计划的部分原因是为了鼓励“休闲时间”,但人们不一定能花更多的时间和家人在一起,因为他们需要在一周的其它时间来补足这几个小时。因此,如果人们要在其它四天里更早起,工作到更晚,这个计划没有任何意义。第二,浪费了星期五的半天时间并不值得。如果允许雇员在星期五中午离开,这意味着大多数员工将在星期五上午处在一个周末的状态,这可能会导致工作效率低下。同时,公司将失去半天的生产力,这对中小企业来说是一个巨大的损失。因此,我们可以预测,大多数民营企业不会实施这种非强制性政策。
总之,两天半的周末在中国是不必要也不可行。所以我们的周末在今夏,应该继续实行2天的假期。
亮点词汇
boost v. 推动
make sense 有意义
in a state of 处于……状态下
implement vt. 实施
make up 补足
take off 离开
productivity n.生产力
viable a. 可行的
万能句型/精彩语句
1. So the plan does not make any sense if workers need to wake up earlier and stay up late during the other four days.(指出该计划的弊端)
因此,如果人们要在其它四天里更早起,工作到更晚,这个计划没有任何意义。
2. If employees are allowed to take off at noon on Friday, it means most workers will be in a state of weekend in the morning on Friday, which may cause low efficiency in work.(该计划对企业会造成损失)
如果允许雇员在星期五中午离开,这意味着大多数员工将在星期五上午处在一个周末的状态,这可能会导致工作效率低下。
【3】
Read carefully the following excerpt on closing public toilets in UK, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 200 words, in which you should:
●summarize the main message of the excerpt,and then
●comment on whether public toilets should be closed in UK.
You should support yourself with information from the excerpt.
Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks.
Public Toilets "Wiped Out" in Parts of UK
Some UK High Streets and public spaces no longer have any council-run public toilets, the BBC has learned. At least 1,782 facilities have closed across the UK in the last decade, Freedom of Information requests found.
The Local Government Association said councils were trying to keep toilets open but faced squeezed budgets. Public toilets have existed on UK High Streets for more than 150 years, but there is no legal requirement for local authorities to provide toilets, meaning they are often closed down if councils feel they cannot afford the upkeep.
Raymond Martin, of the British Toilet Association, said providing toilets was about health, well-being, equality and social inclusion. "It's also about public decency and public dignity-we don't want people being forced to urinate in the streets," he said. Joan Dean said her husband Brian,who has Parkinson's disease, was left humiliated when he wet himself after failing to find a toilet on a trip to Levenshulme, in Manchester, where 18 toilets have been closed in the last 10 years.
A Local Government Association spokesman said councils were doing everything they could to keep public toilets open, including running community toilet schemes to enable pubs, restaurants and shops to make their toilets available to the public. Cuts meant councils had less to spend on community services and the next few years would continue to be a challenge, he said.
写作思路
材料中介绍了英国政府关闭公共卫生间以及各方人士对其看法。根据题目要求,先简单总结材料中的观点,在针对是否关闭公共卫生间这一问题给出个人观点。文章结构可安排如下:
第一段:整合概括材料中的观点,然后表达自己的观点——不应关闭公共卫生间,应该采取其它办法来解决这一问题。
第二段:列出自己的观点。第一,可以和其它机构组织合作,减轻市政府的压力;第二,修缩卫生间,减少维护成本;第三,对使用者收费。
第三段:总结全文——公共卫生间对公众非常重要,要采取措施来维护公共卫生间。
Changes for Public Toilets
A tight budget has forced councils to close the non-profit services they provide including public toilets. However, officials in the British Toilet Association argued that people's life and well-being also may be well affected without public toilets. In my opinion, rather than closing the public toilets,councils should work out the problem with other solutions.
Firstly, councils can co-operate with the local towns or NGOs or charities to transfer responsibilities for running the toilets to them. This can save a great many public inconvenience from closure and ease the burden of toilet costs on councils. By sharing the burden of toilets with other organizations, a huge sum can be spared and put to more constructive uses. Next, to help reduce future running costs,councils may make improvements to facilities, including energy and water saving measures. In addition, charges should be introduced and the public should prepare to pay for using public toilets to ensure that they remain open. The income from those toilets will be kept to pay for running costs.
To sum up, public toilets have great importance, whether in regard to people's well-being, social inclusion and harmony.Therefore, more measures should be taken to maintain the public toilets and other facilities.
因为预算紧张,很多市政府停止了一些非营利的设施,包括公共卫生间。但是,英国厕所协会的官员认为,人们的生活和幸福会因此受到影响。我认为,市政府不应该关闭公共卫生间,而应该用其它办法解决这一问题。
首先,市政府可以和当地机构,非政府组织或慈善组织合作,把维护公共卫生间的责任转交给他们。这样既可以避免关闭卫生间给公众带来的麻烦,也能减轻市政府的压力,还可以节省一大笔开支,将其投放于更具建设性的用途。其次,为了减少今后维护的成本,市政府应该修缘设施包括节能节水设备。再次,应当对公众收费。为了保持公共卫生间的运行,公众使用时应当付费,收到的费用用作运行成本。
总结以上几点,公共卫生间对人们的幸福,社会融合与和谐非常重要。因此,市政府应当采取其它办法来维持公共卫生间和其它公共设施的运行。
亮点词汇
non-profit a. 非营利的
work out 解决
constructive a.建设性的
energy and water saving measure 节能节水设备
well-being n.幸福
NGO (Non-Governmental Organization) 非政府组织
running cost 运行成本
in regard to 关于
