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考研英语长难句语--湛江雅托英语培训中心

2020-03-05

668

考研英语长难句语法分类试题例解

(Grammatical Structure)

一、时态和语态(The Tense and The Voice)

时态(Tense)是表示行为、动作和状态在各种时间条件下的动词形式。语态也是动词的一种形式,表示主语(动作的发出者或动作的承受者)和谓语之间的关系。时态和语态方面的知识对培养听、说、读、写能力具有重要作用。

 

1 This group generally do well in IQ test, scoring 12-15 points above the mean value of 100, and have contributed disproportionately to the intellectual and cultural life of the West, as the careers of their elites, including several world-renowned scientists, affirm.

 

[译文]这群人在智商测验中一般考得很好,得分在平均分100以上12-15分。而且他们对西方的知识和文化生活做出了很大的贡献。这种贡献相对于他们的人口数量来说是不成比例的。正如他们中的精英分子的职业生涯所证实的,这些精英分子中包括若干位世界著名的科学家

 

2 A century ago,Freud formulated his revolutionary theory that dreams were the disguised shadows of our unconscious desires and fears; by the late 1970s, neurologists had switched to thinking of them as just "mental noise"the random byproducts of the neural-repair work that goes on during sleep.

 

[译文]一个世纪以前,弗洛伊德系统阐述了他的革命性理论:梦是我们无意识的欲望和恐惧的变相反映。到20世纪70年代晚期,神经学家们转而认为,梦只是“精神上的噪音”,也就是说,在睡眠时进行的神经修复工作的任意副产品。

 

3 She felt suitably humble just as she had when he had first taken a good look at her city self, hair waved and golden, nails red and pointed.

 

[译文]她感到称心得体,就像她以前的感觉一样,那时他第一次仔细审视了她城里人的气质,飘逸的金发、又红又尖的指甲。

 

4  I'd say whenever you are going after something that belongs to you,anyone who is depriving you of the right to have it is criminal.

 

[译文]我想说,无论何时当你在追求属于你的东西时,任何剥夺你拥有它的权利的人都是有罪的。

 

5 For him to be re-elected, what is essential is not that his policy works, but that the public believe that it does.

 

[译文]为了他能连任,真正重要的不是他的政策有成效,而是公众认为他的政策有作用。

 

6 The conveniences that Americans desire reflect not so much a leisurely lifestyle as a busy lifestyle in which even minutes of time are too valuable to be wasted.

 

[译文]美国人所渴望的方便用具和方便设施与其说是反映了一种闲暇的生活方式,还不如说是反映了第一种繁忙的生活方式,其中甚至几分钟时间也宝贵得不能被浪费掉。

 

7  Greater efforts to increase agricultural production must be made if food shortage is to be avoided.

 

[译文]假如想要避免食品短缺,那就必须做出更大的努力来增加农业产量。

 

8 I hope her health will have improved greatly by the time we come back next year.

 

[译文]我希望,到我们明年回来时,她的身体将会很好。

 

9 John isn't a diligent student, for it is the third time he has been late, isn't it?

 

[译文]约翰并不是一个勤奋的孩子,因为这是他第3次迟到了,对吗?

 

10 No sooner had the words been spoken than he realized that he should have remained silent.

 

[译文]话一说出,他就立刻意识到,他本来应该保持沉默。

 

11 We had hoped to start our own business, but we never had enough money to do so

 

[译文]我们本来希望开办自己的企业,但是我们钱不够。

 

12 You love your only son and indulge him so much that you are doing him harm.

 

[译文]你爱你的独生儿子,把他娇惯到了害他的程度了。

 

13 It is perhaps not an exaggeration to say that there are those who consider it questionable that these defense-linked research projects will account for an improvement in the standard of living or, alternatively, will do much to protect our diminishing resources.

 

[译文]或许可以毫不夸张地说,有些人认为值得怀疑的是,这些与国防有关的研究项目会说明生活水平的提高,或者,换言之,会大大有助于保护我们日益减少的自然资源。

 

二、虚拟语气(The Subjunctive Mood)

虚拟语气表示所说的话只是一种主观愿望、假设或建议等

 

1 After the terrible air crash she began to be worried lest he should have met with some accident the day before.

 

[译文]可怕的飞机失事发生后,她开始担心,惟恐他已在前一天出了什么事故

 

2 The millions of calculations involved, had they been done by hand, would have lost all practical value by the time they were finished.

 

[译文]所涉及到的数百万次计算,如果用手工操作,到它们完成时已失去全部实用价值。

 

3 A safety analysis would have identified the target as a potential danger.Unfortunately,it was never done.

 

[译文]一次安全隐患分析本来会识别这个目标是潜在的危险。不幸的是,这样的分析从未做过。

 

4 I'd rather you went by train, because I can't bear the idea of your being in an airplane in such bad weather.

 

[译文]我宁愿你乘火车去,因为我无法想象在如此恶劣的天气里你呆在飞机里。

 

5 There is a real possibility that these animals could be frightened, should there be a sudden loud noise.

 

[译文]要是有一声巨响,这些动物会受到惊吓,这是有现实可能性的。

 

6 It is generally thought to be of importance to a man that he (should) know himself.

 

[译文]普遍认为,一个人重要的是贵有自知之明

 

7 He was to have been appointed as the manager of the company, but he fell seriously ill.

 

[译文]本来要任命他当公司经理,但他却得了重病

 

8  You look so tired tonight. It is high time you went to bed.

 

[译文]你今晚看上去很累,你该去睡觉了。

 

9  The teacher thought it essential that all the exercise books (should) be handed in no later than Friday morning.

 

[译文]老师认为必须在周五上午前把全部作业本交上去。

 

10 We must urge that delegates (should) be elected from the various factories in the city.

 

[译文]我们必须敦促,代表应该选自本城各工厂。

 

11 I said something that made matters much worse. If only I had kept my mouth shut!

 

[译文]我说了些使事态恶化的话。早知道我就闭口不言了!

 

12 She wasn't in good health, otherwise she would have worked harder.

 

[译文]她身体不好,否则的话她会更努力工作。

 

13 Had it not been for Professor Russel standing up for him, he would have had to leave.

 

[译文]要不是因为罗赛尔教授支持他,他就得离开了。

 

14 But for your kind advice we could not have succeeded in the experiment when we were in trouble.

 

[译文]当我们处于困境中时,要不是你的忠告,我们本来是不可能成功的。

 

13 Were the Times Co. to purchase another major media company, there is no doubt that it could dramatically transform a family-run enterprise that still gets 90% of its revenue from newspapers.

 

[译文]如果时代公司要收购另一家主流媒体公司,毫无疑问,它能改造一家仍然从报业获取90%收益的家庭经营的企业。

 

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