英语专业八级阅读详解与分析
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Stricter Traffic Law can Prevent Accidents更严格的交通法规可以防止事故的发生
From the health point of view we are living in a marvelous age. We are immunized from birth against many of the most dangerous diseases. A large number of once fatal illnesses can now be cured by modern drugs and surgery. It is almost certain that one day remedies will be found for the most stubborn remaining diseases. The expectation of life has increased enormously. But though the possibility of living a long and happy life is greater than ever before, every day we witness the incredible slaughter of men, women and children on the roads. Man versus the motor-car!It is a never-ending battle which man is losing. Thousands of people the world over are killed or horribly killed each year and we are quietly sitting back and letting it happen.从健康的角度来看，我们生活在一个了不起的时代。我们从出生起就对许多最危险的疾病进行了免疫接种。许多曾经致命的疾病现在可以通过现代药物和外科手术治愈。几乎可以肯定的是，总有一天会找到治疗最顽固的残余疾病的方法。人们对生命的期望大大增加了。但是，尽管长寿和幸福生活的可能性比以往任何时候都大，但我们每天都看到道路上的男人、妇女和儿童遭到令人难以置信的屠杀。人与汽车之争！这是一场永无止境的战争，人类正在输掉这场战斗。全世界每年都有成千上万的人被杀害或惨遭杀害，而我们却静静地袖手旁观，听之任之。
It has been rightly said that when a man is sitting behind a steering wheel, his car becomes the extension of his personality. There is no doubt that the motor-car often brings out a man's very worst qualities. People who are normally quiet and pleasant may become unrecognizable when they are behind a steering-wheel. They swear, they are ill-mannered and aggressive, willful as two-years-olds and utterly selfish. All their hidden frustrations, disappointments and jealousies seem to be brought to the surface by the act of driving.人们正确地说，当一个人坐在方向盘后面时，他的车就成了他个性的延伸。毫无疑问，汽车常常暴露出一个人最坏的品质。通常安静和愉快的人，当他们在方向盘后面时，可能会变得认不出来。他们发誓，他们没有礼貌，有侵略性，像两岁的孩子一样任性，完全自私。他们所有隐藏的挫折感、失望和嫉妒似乎都是通过开车而浮出水面的。
The surprising thing is that society smiles so benignly on the motorist and seems to condone his behaviour. Everything is done for his convenience. Cities are allowed to become almost uninhabitable because of heavy tragic; towns are made ugly by huge car parks; the countryside is desecrated by road networks; and the mass annual slaughter becomes nothing more than a statistic, to be conveniently forgotten.令人惊讶的是，社会对汽车司机如此善意地微笑，似乎宽恕了他的行为。一切都是为了他的方便而做的。城市由于沉重的悲剧而变得几乎无法居住；城市因巨大的停车场而变得丑陋；农村被道路网络所亵渎；而每年的大规模屠杀也不过是一个统计数字，容易被遗忘。
It is high time a world code were created to reduce this senseless waste of human life. With regard to driving, the laws of some countries are notoriously lax and even the strictest are not strict enough. A code which was universally accepted could only have a dramatically beneficial effect on the accident rate. Here are a few examples of some the things that might be done. The driving test should be standardized and made far more difficult than it is; all the drivers should be made to take a test every three years or so; the age at which young people are allowed to drive any vehicle should be raised to at least 21;all vehicles should be put through stringent annual tests for safety. Even the smallest amount of alcohol in the blood can impair a person' s driving ability. Present drinking and driving laws (where they exist) should be mad much stricter. Maximum and minimum speed limits should be imposed on all roads. Governments should lay down safety specifications for manufacturers, as has been done in the USA. All advertising stressing power and performance should be banned. These measures may sound inordinately harsh. But surely nothing should be considered as to severe if tit results in reducing the annual toll of human life. After all, the world is for human beings, not motor-cars.现在是时候制定一个世界准则来减少这种对人类生命的毫无意义的浪费了。在驾驶方面，有些国家的法律是出了名的松懈，甚至最严格的法律也不够严格。一个被普遍接受的守则只会对事故率产生巨大的有利影响。下面是一些可以做的事情的例子。驾驶考试应该标准化，比现在困难得多；所有司机都应该每三年左右参加一次考试；允许年轻人驾驶任何车辆的年龄至少应提高到21岁；所有车辆都应每年进行严格的安全测试。即使是血液中微量的酒精也会损害一个人的驾驶能力。现行的酒后驾驶法(如果有的话)应该更严格得多。所有道路均须设置最高及最低车速限制。政府应该为制造商制定安全规范，就像在美国所做的那样。所有强调权力和表现的广告都应该被禁止。这些措施听起来可能过于严厉。但是，如果TIT能减少每年造成的生命损失，就不应该认为任何事情都是严重的。毕竟，世界是为人类服务的，而不是汽车。
【阅读练习题】
1.The main idea of this passage is这篇文章的主要思想是
[A] Traffic accidents are mainly caused by motorists.交通事故主要是由驾车者造成的。
[B]Thousands of people the world over are killed each year.全世界每年都有成千上万的人被杀害。
[C] The laws of some countries about driving are too lax.一些国家关于驾驶的法律过于宽松。
[D] Only stricter traffic laws can prevent accidents.只有更严格的交通法规才能防止事故的发生。
2.What does the author think of society toward motorists?作者是如何看待社会对驾车者的看法的？
[A] Society smiles on the motorists.社会对驾车者微笑。
[B]Huge car parks are built in the cities and towns.巨大的停车场建在城镇里。
[C] Victims of accidents are nothing.事故的受害者什么都不是。
[D] Society condones their rude driving.社会宽恕他们粗鲁的驾驶。
3.Why does the author say:'his car becomes the extension of his personality?'为什么作者会说：“他的车成为他个性的延伸？”
[A] Driving can show his real self.开车可以显示他真实的自我。
[B]Driving can show the other part of his personality.驾驶可以显示他性格的另一面。
[C] Driving can bring out his character.开车能显示他的性格。
[D] His car embodies his temper.他的车反映了他的脾气。
4.Which of the followings is NOT mentioned as a way against traffic accidents?以下哪一项没有被提及作为防止交通事故的方法？
[A] Build more highways.修建更多的高速公路。
[B]Stricter driving tests.更严格的驾驶考试。
[C] Test drivers every three years.每三年测试一次。
[D] raise age limit and lay down safety specifications.提高年龄限制并制定安全规格
5.The attitude of the author is作者的态度是
[A] ironical讽刺的
[B]critical批评的态度
[C] appealing哀求的、呼吁的
[D} militant富有战斗性的
【答案详解】
1.D只有更严格的交通法规才能制止交通事故。这在最后一段的结论中体现的最清楚。前面儿段只是讲造成事故的种种原因。其目的就是:"是制定世界交通法规以减少无谓的生命浪费的时候了。对于开车，有些国家的法规太松弛，甚至最严格的国家也不够严格。世界公认之法律只可能对交通事故率起大大降低的作用(有非常好的效果。)"这里列出儿件要干的事:“驾驶测试应当标准化，比现在的要严格;所有死机每三年考核一次;年轻人驾车的允许年龄应提高到21岁;全部机动车每年都应经过严格的安全测试(测定其安全性)……这些步骤可能听起来异常严厉，可是，如果其结果事减少每年死伤人数的话，就不存在什么太严格的事了。”A.主要是机动车死机造成的交通事故。B.全世界每年有儿千人丧生。C.有些国家的交通法规太松弛。这三道答案都是文中谈到某一点，不能作为中心目的。
2.D社会宽容这种野蛮开车行径。答案就在第三段:“令人惊讶的是社会对司机宽厚地笑笑，似乎宽容他们的行为。一切都为他们的方便而干。人们允许城市由于交通拥挤而儿乎不能居住了，大型停车场把城镇”弄得"丑陋不堪，公路网站污了乡村，每年大量的杀伤仅仅成为统计数字，被很容易地忘记。”
A.社会对司机笑容可掬。B.大型停车场建在市和镇上。C.交通死难者等于零。这三项都只是第三段的一个个具体事实。社会正是通过这一件件事来宽容司机野蛮开车，而造成事故。
3.A“他的车就是他个性的外延”这句话就体现了“开车表现他真正的白我，真实的个性”。第二段讲的很清楚:“这么说完全正确:当一个人坐在方向盘后，他的车就成为他个性的外延。毫无疑问，汽车常常表现了人之最坏的品质。平常很安详愉快的人一坐在方向盘后可能就变得难以认识。他们咒骂、行为差劲、好斗、固执、任性得就像两岁的孩了。他们所有隐藏的失落、失望和忌妒感，似乎都在开车中暴露出来”。
B.表现他个性的另一面。C.表现了他的性格。D.他的车体现了他的脾气秉性。只是表现白我中的某个事实。
4.A只有建更多高速公路。没有提。B.更难的测试。C.每三年对司机进行一次考察。D.提高年龄段和制定安全条例。都提到。见第一题译注。
5. B批评的态度。文章第一、二、三段指出了造成交通事故的原因，呼吁各国制定严格的交通法规，批评现有的交通法规松弛不严格，最后指出世界是人类的，不是摩托车的等等，都说明作者对上述种种都具批评的态度。A.讽刺的。C.哀求的、呼吁的。D.富有战斗性的。
【阅读词汇学习】
l.immunise
使免疫，使免除
2.expectation of life=life expectancy
平均寿命
3.versus=against
对顶，反刘
4.mutilate
伤害
5.wilful
任性的，固执的
6.benign
宽)旱的，仁慈的
7.condone
宽容
8.desecrate
裹读，王占污
9.code
法规，规定，惯例
l0.stringent
严格的，紧急的，迫切的
ll.performance
演出，成品，这里是指car' s behavior such as speed,function etc.可译成行为，汽车行为、功能等。
【难句解析】
1.Man versus the motor-car!It is a never-ending battle which man is losing.
人和汽车对抗!这是一场人类永远是输家的无体止的战斗。
2.A11 advertising stressing power and performance should be banned.
应当禁止所有强调力量和表现行为的广告。
【写作方法与文章大意】
文章论述"交通事故"，采用因果、对比手法。从人的平均寿命增加和交通事故率成正比谈起，触及事故率上升的原因，要求制定更严格的法规予以制止种种造成事故的不良行为。
