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医学博士阅读理解讲解【1】

2019-08-15

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Fourteen-year-old Sean MeCallum lay in a hospital bed waiting for a new heart. Without it, Scan would die. Sean' s case is not unusual. Everyday many people die because there just aren't enough human organs to go around.

 

Now scientists say they can alter the genetic make-up of certain animals so that their organs may be acceptable to humans. With this gene-altering technique to overcome our immune rejection to foreign organs, scientists hope to use pig hearts for transplants by the year 2008.

 

That prospect, however, has stirred up strong opposition among animal fight activists. They protest that the whole idea of using animal organs is cruel and unjust; some scientists also fear such transplants may transform unknown diseases to humans.

 

Others believe transplanting animal organs into humans is unnecessary. Millions of dollars spent on breeding pigs for their organs could be better spent on health education programs. They believe seventy-five percent of the heart disease cases that lead to a need for organ transplant are preventable. The key is to convince people to eat healthfully, and not to smoke or drink alcohol. Scientists could also use research funds to improve artificial organs.

 

Still others believe that though new inventions and prevention programs may help, spending money to encourage more people to donate their organs is an even better idea. If enough people were educated about organ donations, everyone who needed an organ could be taken off the waiting list in a year.

 

61. What is the problem the passage begins with?

A. High mortality rate of immune rejection

B. A malpractice in heart transplantation.

C. An unusual case of organ transplant

D. A shortage of human organs

62. Not only is the gene-altering technique a technical issue, according to the passage but also it________ .

A. introduces an issue of inhumanity

B. raises the issue of justice in medicine

C. presents a significant threat to the human nature

D. pushes the practice of organ transplant to the limits

63. Doubtful of the necessity of using animal organs, some scientists ________ .

A. are to narrow the scope of organ transplants

B. switch to the development of artificial organs

C. come up with alternatives to the current problem

D. set out to pursue better ways of treating heart disease 

64. It can be inferred from the concluding paragraph of the passage that ________ .

A. the gene-altering technique will help those waiting for organ transplants

B. the present supply of human organs still has potential to be explored

C. people prefer the use of animal organs for medical purposes

D. the gene-altering technique leaves much to believed

65. The information the passage carries is ________ .

A. enlightening B. unbelievable C. imaginative D. factual

 

61. D  第一段提到Sean MeCallum正在等待可供移植的心脏,等不到的话他就会面临死亡。因为there just aren't enough human organs to go around. 没有足够的人体器官够分配使用。go round够许多人用,足够分配。

62. A  第三段提到…has stirred up strong opposition among animal fight activists. They protest that the whole idea of using animal organs is cruel and unjust…这激起了动物保护主义者的强烈反对,他们认为利用动物器官是残忍和不公平的。即动物保护义者认为利用动物器官的行为是不人道的。inhumanity不人道,残暴。

63. C  第四段提到有些人认为移植动物心脏是不必要的,他们提出了许多更好的解决办法,如:health education programsimprove artificial organsencourage more people to donate their organs等。C项正确。alternative可供选择的解决办法(或方案),变通办法。

64. B  文章最后一段提到鼓励更多的人捐献他们的器官是一个更好的解决方案,If enough people were educated about organ donationseveryone who needed an organ could be taken off the waiting list in a year. 如果足够的人接受了关于捐献器官的教育,每一个需要器官移植的人都会在一年内得到满足。这与B项说法吻合,现今人体器官的供应仍有扩展的潜力。

65. D  关于解决人体器官供应不足的问题,本文否决了移植动物器官的方法,同时提供了许多更好的切实可行的方案。本文包含的信息是实际可行的。

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