英语语法：句型结构之并列复合句

并列复合句

并列复合句由一些并列连词来连接。

But“但是”，表示转折语气

Gloomy weather can cause depression, but sunshine appears to raise the spirits.

天气阴郁可能导致人们的情绪低沉，而晴空万里似乎诗人情绪高涨。

Volunteer work has its advantages, but it is not a true reflection of the working experience.

 志愿者工作有它的长处，但并不是工作经验的真实反映。

 

For“因为”表示因果关系

One can tell the difference almost at a glance for a spider always has eight legs and an insect never more than six.

人们几乎一眼就可以看出这种差异，因为蜘蛛总是有八条腿，而昆虫从未超出六条腿。

That this has not happened may be the fault of the university, for at both Oxford and Cambridge the colleges tend to live an ear which is certainly not of the twentieth century, and upon a planet which bear little resemblance to the war-torn Earth.

这样的事情没有发生责任可能在大学，因为在牛津和剑桥的各学院倾向于生活在一个绝不是二十世纪的时代，而是在一个与战争破坏了的地球丝毫不相像的星球上。

 

While “然而”，“而”，表示情况的前后对比

While these two events can be a forum for easing tensions and releasing patriotic emotions, they can also be a forum for creating tensions and disaster.

这两种赛事能够成为缓解紧张局势和释放爱国热情的平台，但它们也可以成为制造紧张关系和灾难的平台。

On the one hand modern imported goods may be used in an everyday setting ,while on the other hand other traditional objects may still be required for ritually significant events.

一方面，现代进口商品可以在日常生活方面，而另一方面，则其他传统产品在举行重大的典礼仪式时仍然是需要的。

 

Whereas “然而”，“而”，用法同while

In my opinion ,men sometimes feel trapped by marriage, whereas women feel secure and content.

在我看来，男人有时感到被婚姻束缚，而女人感到安全和满足。

Spending on research and development actually fell in developing countries whereas in industrialized countries, this amount more than doubled.

研究和发展经费在发展中国家实际上出现下降，而在工业化国家却翻了一番多。

 

And “以及”，“而且”，表示并列关系

The gases trapped inside the boiling rock expand suddenly, the lava glows with heat ,it begins to froth ,and it explodes with tremendous force。

困在炙热岩石之中的气体突然膨胀，熔岩热得发光，开始起泡沫，然后剧烈爆炸。

 

Many children may choose entrepreneurship because it allows them a degree of independence, is less exploitative than many forms of paid employment, and is flexible enough to allow them to participate in other activities such as education and domestic tasks.

很多儿童也许会选择自己当老板，因为这让他们有一定程度的独立性，受剥削的程度比很多其他形式的有偿劳动要低一点，而且有足够的灵活性让他们参与其他活动，比如接受教育和家务劳动。

 

So “因此”，表示因果关系

The geologist needs to know what rocks the drill has reached ,so every so often a sample is obtained with a coring bit.

地址学家需要知道钻孔已经到达什么样的岩层，所以经常使用取芯钻头取样。

 

Yet “但是”，“然而”，表示转折关系

A bee’s brain is the size of a grass seed ,yet in this tiny brain are encoded some of the most complex and amazing behavioral patterns witnessed outside humankind.

蜜蜂的大脑和一粒草籽一样大，但在这个微小的大脑之中却隐藏着一些人类看不到的最复杂、最惊人的行为模式。

 

Not only ...but also “不仅......而且”，表示递进关系

Not only did they they break into office and steal his books ,but they also tore up his manuscripts.

他们不仅闯进他的办公室，偷走了他的书，而且还撕毁了他的手稿。

 

Volcanoes have not only made the continents ,they are also thought to have made the world’s first stable atmosphere and provided all the water for the oceans, rivers and ice-caps.

火山不仅造就了大陆，人们还认为他们造就了世界上最早的稳定大气，并未所有海洋、河流和冰盖提供了水。

 

Or“或者”，“否则”，表示选择关系或转折性结果

You can ask me some questions, or you can read further in our excellent guide book.

你可以问我一些问题，也可以进一步阅读我们很不错的指南手册。

 

Most forms of environmental pollution either appear to have been exaggerated, or are transient.

环境污染的大多数形式或者被夸大其词，或者转瞬即逝。

 

Don’t put anything plastic in the oven or it will probably start melting.

不要把塑料制品放入烤炉，否则可能会融化。

 

Not ...but(rather)“不是......而是”，表示对前者的否定，对后者的肯定

Typically, children do not end up on the streets due to a single cause ,but to combination of factors.

一般来说，儿童流浪街头的原因不止一个，而是多方面的原因造成的。

 

The incentive for the more aggressive use of rockets came not from within the European continent but from far-away India.

使火箭更具有进攻性的动机并非来自非洲大陆内部，而是来自遥远的印度。

 

Perhaps the most fundamental step in developing a sense of number is not the ability to count, but rather to see that a number is really an abstract idea instead of a simple attachment to a group of particular objects.

或许在发展数字概念方面最为重要的一个不错步骤并不是数数的能力，而是能够明白一个数字实际上是一个抽象的概念，并不是简单地附着在一组特定的物体上。