英语语法：句型结构之同位语

同位语

与前面的名词并列，对其加以进一步详细解释，可以是名词、名词短语，也可以是名词从句。

Passive smoking，the breathing in of the side-stream smokes from the burning of tobacco between puffs or of the smoke exhaled by a smoker, also causes a serious health risk.

被动吸烟 --- 即在吸烟者每次吐纳之间，旁人吸入了香烟的燃烧端冒出的一股股侧流烟，或是吸烟者口中呼出的烟 --- 也能引发严重的健康风险。

The formulation of scientific theory starts with the basic, raw evidence of the senses -- simple unbiased, unprejudiced observation.

科学理论的形成始于感官上基本的、原始的证据 -- 简单的、不偏不倚的、没有成见的观察。

The Waikato River, the longest river in New Zealand, flows through the center of the city,providing a picturesque and park-like setting of riverside walks and gardens.

怀卡托河，新西兰最长的河流，蜿蜓流过市中心，为河畔两旁的人行道和花园增添了如画的风景。

In 1992,the United Nations Environmental Program and the World Health Organization(WHO) concluded that all of a sample of twenty megacities-places likely to have more than ten million inhabitants in the year 2000 - already exceeded the level the WHO deems healthy in at least one major pollutant.

1992年，联合国环境署和世界卫生组织得出结论：抽样调查的20个大城市，即在2000年常住人口超过1000万城市，至少都有一种主要污染物已超过了世界卫生组织认定的健康标准。

Hamilton, one of New Zealand’s fastest growing cities, is ideally located for a wide range of leisure and cultural activities.

汉密尔顿是新西兰发展最为迅速的城市之一，对于各种各样的休闲文化活动，这里可谓一个理想去处。