英语语法：句型结构之强调句型

强调句型

强调句型的基本模式为“it is ...that”“it is ...which”或“it is ...who”,如果强调对象为事物，可以使用前两个模式中的一个，荣国强调对象为人，使用第一和第二模式皆可。将需要加以强调的成分与原句分离，置于该句型之中，原句的其他成分位于that, which或who 之后。系动词有过去时的变化。

It is ...that模式

It is this type of exploitation that should be discouraged.

正是这种剥削应该予以制止。

It is not necessarily these small languages that are about ti disappear.

即将消失的不一定是这些少数语种。

It is the light of an expectation that some observations are held to be relevant and some irrelevant.

正式根据一种期待的心理有些观察被认为是相关而中肯的，而又些则是无关紧要的。

Of the six pollutants monitored by the WHO-carbon dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, ozone,sulphur dioxide, lead and particulate matter - it is this last category that is attracting the most attention from health researchers.

世界卫生组织监测的六种污染物质包括二氧化碳、二氧化氮、臭氧、二氧化硫、铅和颗粒物质，其中颗粒物质引起健康调查者最多的关注。

It is ...which 模式

It was this lack of repair work which was directly responsible for the explosion.

正是这种维修工作的缺乏对那次爆炸负直接的责任。

Work science is dominated today by a small number of languages, including Japanese, German and French, but it is English which is probably the most popular language of science.

当今，科学界经常使用的语言只有少数几种，其中包括日语、德语和法语，但是，也许只有英语是全球最流行的科学语言。

It is ...who 模式

It was above all the French, followed closely by the Americans, who were the most passionate exporters of the new invention.

首先是法国人，他们是电影这一新发明最热情的传播者，紧随其后是美国人。

In terms of artistic development it was again the French and the Americans who took the lead.

在电影的艺术制作方面，还是法国人和美国人名列前茅。

对not ...until句型中的时间状语从句加以强调时，not也同时提前，跟在until之后。

 It wasn’t until the discovery of the reaction principle, which was the key to space and so represents one of the great milestones in the history of scientific thought, that rocket technology was able to develop.

直到反作用原理 -- 宇宙航行的理论，代表科学思想史上的伟大里程碑之一 --- 发现之后，火箭技术才得以发展。

It was not until the eighteenth century that Europe became seriously interested in the possibilities of using the rocket itself as a weapon of war and not just to propel other weapons.

直到18世纪时，欧洲才正式对作为战争武器的火箭本身的使用前景感兴趣，而不再局限于将它作为其它武器的助推工具。

强调句型用在其他从句中

用在主语从句中

What is it that makes them happy and fulfilled, while others seem doomed to founder in misery dissatisfaction and dejection?

是什么使他们感到幸福和满足哦，而别人却似乎要在痛苦、失意和沮丧中崩溃呢？

用在宾语从句中

Their aim is to find out why it is that some people’s lives go so right.

他们的目的是找出究竟为什么有些人的生活一帆风顺呢？

A person needs to know who he or she before being able to know what it is that makes him or her happy.

一个人要先知道自己是谁，然后才能知道什么会让自己幸福。