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定语从句
that人、事、物
Who人
Which事、物
The government should educate people that/who steal something.【主语】
People must save water that/which is from our earth.【主语】
The book that/which my friend send me was written by Tom.【宾语】
在名词后加句子来修饰--定语从句
...名词+whose+名词+谓语...
The oil whose percentage occupied 20% in 2000 experienced an abrupt increase with 40% in Australia in 2003.
...时间+when+主语+谓语...
The oil in 2000 when the percentage occupied 20% experienced an abrupt increase with 40% in Australia in 2003.
...地点+where+主语+谓语...
The oil in Australia where the percentage occupied 20% in 2000 experienced an abrupt increase with 40% in 2003.
名词性从句（主语/宾语）：that（无词义），when什么时候，where在哪，how如何，what（代词事情内容或话），whether是否（or）=whether...or not
提高生产量能促进国家经济发展。
That the production is enhanced can promote the development of economy in a country.【主语】
是否车主为公路买单存在激烈的争论。
There is a heated debate over whether the car owners pay for the roads.【宾语】
There is a heated debate over...【......存在激烈的争论。】
Although+从句...（状语），+主句...【尽管......，但是......】
尽管修建铁路有很多好处，但是修建公路也是非常重要的。
Although building railways can bring many advantages，it is extremely important to construct roads.
主句...in that+从句...【......，因为......】
在当地扩大旅游是因为政府想要改善人们的生活水平。
The tourism industries are expanded in local area in that the government wants to enhance the qualities of people’s life.
Given that+从句...，and given that+从句...，主句...【考虑到......，并考虑到......，......】
考虑到当地人们的经济发展，并考虑到安全，政府采取措施来解决现有困难。
Given that it is the development of the local people，and given that it is the safety，the government takes some measures to solve the existing difficulty.
主句...when+从句...【当......时候，......】
当罪犯长期被关押在监狱里，潜在的罪犯犯罪前必须三思而后行。
Potential criminals must think twice before committing when the criminals are in prison for long time.
=When the criminals are in prison for long time，potential criminals must think twice before committing.
If...，...【如果......，......】
如果政府加强公民的教育，那么犯罪率就会极大的下降。
If the government reinforces to educate citizens，the rate of criminals will collapse abruptly.
虚拟语气（过去）：【与事实相反】
If...，...
如果科学家花更多时间来研究病毒的出现，那么新冠肺炎病毒就不会蔓延全球。
If scientists spent more time in studying the existing virus，the new crown pneumonia would spread globally.
It is essential that+主语+动词原形...【虚拟】
为了控制新冠肺炎不再继续持续下去，研究除疫苗的必要的。
It is essential that the vaccinum should be researched according to prevent the new crown pneumonia not continuing to last for long time.
Stop do do sth=prevent to do sth停下来做某事
Stop doing sth=prevent doing sth停止做某事
倒装：
Not only+一般疑问句结构...，but also...【不仅......，而且......】
现代科技的发展不仅给人们沟通带来很大的便利，而且医疗方面也得到了极大的改善。
Not only does the development of the modern science technology bring much more convenience，but also the medicine can obtain the great improvement.
...，which+谓语...【.....，这......】
政府应该做好城市各方面的规划，这能让城市得到美化。
The government should make various plans for cities，which can make them gorgeous.
=The government should make various plans for cities，which can make them gain gorgeousness/beautification.
...because =since=as...【因为】
...，while+主语+谓语...【......，然而，......】
独立学给学生带来很大的好处，然而，我们也不能忽视集体学的好处。
Studying alone can contribute to students，while we cannot neglect the advantages of studying in group.
Contribute to...【有利于......】
...，but+句子...【......，但是......】
台湾想独立，但是无法实现，由于大陆军事太强大了。
Taiwang wants to be independent as a country in UN，but it cannot realize its dream because of the much force of the army in China.
