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硕士研究生英语长难句解析与佳句赏析【3】

2019-10-07

Why do so many Americans distrust what they read in their newspapers? The American Society of Newspaper Editors is trying to answer this painful question. The organization is deep into a long self-analysis known as the journalism credibility project.

Sad to say, this project has turned out to be mostly low-level findings about factual errors and spelling and grammar mistakes, combined with lots of headscratching puzzlement about what in the world those readers really want.

But the sources of distrust go way deeper. Most journalists learn to see the world through a set of standard templates (patterns) into which they plug each day’s events. In other words, there is a conventional story line in the newsroom culture that provides a backbone and a ready-made narrative structure for otherwise confusions news.

There exists a social and cultural disconnect between journalists and their readers which helps explain why the “standard templates”of the newsroom seem alien many readers. In a recent survey, questionnaires were sent to reporters in five middle size cities around the country, plus one large metropolitan area. Then residents in these communities were phoned at random and asked the same questions.

Replies show that compared with other Americans, journalists are more likely to live in upscale neighborhoods, have maids, own Mercedeses, and trade stocks, and they’re less likely to go to church, do volunteer work, or put down roots in community.

Reporters tend to be part of a broadly defined social and cultural elite, so their work tends to reflect the conventional values of this elite. The astonishing distrust of the news media isn’t rooted in inaccuracy or poor reportorial skills but in the daily clash of world views between reporters and their readers.

This is an explosive situation for any industry, particularly a declining one. Here is a troubled business that keeps hiring employees whose attitudes vastly annoy the customers. Then it sponsors lots of symposiums and a credibility project dedicated to wondering why customers are annoyed and fleeing in large numbers. But it never seems to get around to noticing the cultural and class biases that so many former buyers are complaining about. If it did, it would open up its diversity program, now focused narrowly on race and gender, and look for reporters who differ broadly by outlook, values, education, and class.

文章长难句分析与佳句赏析

 

长难句分析:

① Sad to say, this project has turned out to be mostly low-level findings about factual errors and spelling and grammar mistakes, combined with lots of head-scratching puzzlement about what in the world those readers really want.

句子主干是...this project has turned out to be ... findings ...。about factual errors and spelling and grammar mistakes是宾语findings的补语成分;后接过去分词combined引导的伴随状语,其中about what in the world those readers really want是puzzlement的补语。

 Most journalists learn to see the world through a set of standard templates (patterns) into which they plug each day’s events. In other words, there is a conventional story line in the newsroom culture that provides a backbone and a ready-made narrative structure for otherwise confusing news.

这两句生动地介绍了新闻界的工作方式。两句各自含有一个定语从句,第一句中的定语从句为into which they plug each day’s events,修饰前面的中心名词into which they plug each day’s events,后一句中的定语从句由that引导,修饰前面的a conventional story line。

知识点补充:“plug sth. into sth.”意为“塞入、插入”;“story line”指“叙述故事的线路、套路”;“culture”在这指“某群体或民族的风俗、人文现象、社会惯例”,如: enterprise culture.(企业文化)。

③ If it did, it would open up its diversity program, now focused narrowly on race and gender, and look for reporters who differ broadly by outlook, values, education, and class.

此句为虚拟语气,主要结构为:If it did, it would open up...and look for...。其中在由and连接的两个并列谓语,插入成分now focused narrowly on race and gender为过去分词形式的后置定语,修饰program。第二个谓语结构中,宾语reporters后面有一个who引导的定语从句。

佳句赏析:

Replies show that compared with other Americans, journalists are more likely to live in upscale neighborhoods, have maids, own Mercedeses, and trade stocks, and they’re less likely to go to church, do volunteer work, or put down roots in community.

句子中are more likely to... and ... are less likely to...后都跟了三个不定式做补语,前后对应,结构严谨,给人一种层次美。

 

词汇注释

1)alien(a.)(to)不相容的;(from)相异的;(n.)外侨;外星人

2)diversity(n.)差异;多样性;不同

3)get round to 找时间做,开始考虑

4)head-scratching(a.)困惑的,令人挠头的

5)metropolitan(a.)大城市的;宗主国的

6)random(a.)随机的,随意的;(n.)随机,随意

7)symposium(n.) 讨论会,专题报告会;专题论文集

8)template(n.)模式,样板

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