大学英语四级听力教程SectionC讲解【3】

 

 

Section C

Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea.When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.

According to American law, if someone is accused of a crime, he is considered (26) ______until the court proves the person is guilty.

To arrest a person, the police have to be reasonably sure that a crime has been (27) ______. The police must give the suspect the reasons why they are arresting him and tell him his rights under the law. Then the police take the suspect to the police station, where the name of the person and the (28) ______ against him are formally listed.

The next step is for the suspect to go before a judge. The judge decides whether the suspect should be kept in jail or (29) ______. If the suspect has no previous criminal record and the judge feels that he will return to court (30) ______run away, he can go free. Otherwise, the suspect must put up bail(保释金). At this time, too, the judge will (31) ______ a court lawyer to defend the suspect if he can’t afford one.

The suspect returns to court a week or two later. A lawyer from the district attorney’s office presents a case against the suspect. The attorney may present (32) ______ as well as witnesses. The judge then decides whether there is enough reason to (33) ______.

The American justice system is very complex, and sometimes operates slowly. However, every step is (34) ______ to protect the rights of the people. These individual rights are the (35) ______of the American government.

 

Section C

According to American law, if someone is accused of a crime, he is considered innocent until the court proves the person is guilty.

To arrest a person, the police have to be reasonably sure that a crime has been committed. The police must give the suspect the reasons why they are arresting him and tell him his rights under the law. Then the police take the suspect to the police station, where the name of the person and the charges against him are formally listed.

The next step is for the suspect to go before a judge. The judge decides whether the suspect should be kept in jail or released. If the suspect has no previous criminal record and the judge feels that he will return to court rather than run away, he can go free. Otherwise, the suspect must put up bail. At this time, too, the judge will appoint a court lawyer to defend the suspect if he can’t afford one.

The suspect returns to court a week or two later. A lawyer from the district attorney’s office presents a case against the suspect. The attorney may present evidence as well as witnesses. The judge then decides whether there is enough reason to hold a trial.

The American Justice System is very complex, and sometimes operates slowly. However, every step is designed to protect the rights of the people. These individual rights are the foundation of the American government.

26.【答案解析】innocent  空格位于主从复合句的主句中，而主句结构完整，空格处作该句主语的补足语。其形式可以是形容词、名词、现在分词、过去分词、动词不定式等。进一步分析句意，“he is considered until…proves the person is guilty（判定他有罪之前，他都被认为是）”，此处可能填入一个与guilty语义相反的词，表“无罪的”或“清白的”。

27.【答案解析】committed  本空出现在that引导的宾语从句中，该从句的主语为a crime，系动词为has been，缺少表语。由于系动词使用了完成式，故空格处可以是形容词、现在分词、过去分词等。联系上下文语境，本空应该与主语a crime搭配表“犯罪”，因此填入过去分词表被动的可能性更大。

28.【答案解析】charges  空格出现在由where引导的定语从句中。and连接the name of the person和the against him，作定语从句的并列主语。空前是定冠词the，空后是它本身的后置定语against him，由此推断，本空填入的词应为名词性质。

29.【答案解析】released  空格所在的whether引导的宾语从句以whether…or…（是……还是……）组句，一方面说明空格处与kept in jail并列，同作be动词的表语；一方面说明空格处所填词在语义上可能与kept in jail对立。综上所述，本空很有可能是与kept形式相同的过去分词，且表“放走、释放”之意。

30.【答案解析】rather than  if引导的条件状语从句由and连接的两个并列句构成，空格在分句二中。空格前的return to court（回庭受审）和空格后的run away（逃跑）形式相同而语义相反，由此推断，空格处很可能填入表转折或对比意义的连词或介词短语。

31.【答案解析】appoint  空格位于主从复合句的主句中。主句主语是the judge，宾语是a court lawyer，to defend  the suspect是目的状语，而空格处所填的词作该句的谓语。由于空格前是情态动词will，故应填入动词（词组）原形。

32.【答案解析】evidence  空格所在句是一个简单句。句中的as well as将空格和witness连接，构成present的并列宾语，由此可知，空格处很有可能填入与witness词性相同的名词（词组）。

33.【答案解析】hold a trial  空格所在句是由whether引导的宾语从句，句子主干完整，空格与它前面的to一起构成不定式短语，充当目的状语。由此可知，本空应填入动词（词组）原形。

34.【答案解析】designed  空格所在句是一个简单句，缺少表语。鉴于空前为is，空后为不定式短语，本空可能填入形容词、副词、现在分词、过去分词等形式。

35.【答案解析】foundation  空格所在句为主系表结构，缺少表语。鉴于空前是定冠词the，空后是of所有格，本空应填入一个名词性质的词（组）。