大学英语四级听力教程SectionC讲解【2】

 

 

Section C

Among the kinds of social gestures most significant for secondlanguage teachers are those which are identical in form but different in meaning in the two cultures. For example, a Colombian who wants someone to approach him often signals with a hand movement in which all the fingers of one hand, cupped, point downward as they move rapidly back and forth. Speakers of English have a similar gesture though the hand may not be cupped and the fingers may be held more loosely, but for them the gesture means goodbye or go away, quite the opposite of the Colombian gesture. Again, in Colombian, a speaker of English would have to know that when he indicates height he must choose between different gestures depending on whether he is referring to a human being or an animal. If he keeps the palm of the hand parallel to the floor, as he would in his own culture when making known the height of a child, for example, he will very likely be greeted by laughter; in Colombia this gesture is reserved for the description of animals. In order to describe human beings he should keep the palm of his hand at a right angle to the floor. Substitutions of one gesture for the other often create not only humorous but also embarrassing moments. In both of the examples above, speakers from two different cultures have the same gesture, physically, but its meaning differs sharply.

26.【答案解析】identical  空格出现在由which引导的定语从句中。从句的主语为关系代词which，系动词为are，空格和different由but连接作并列表语。由此推断，空格处很可能填入一个形容词，且与different表意相反，即意为“相同的”。

27.【答案解析】approach  空格位于who引导的定语从句中。该从句的主语为关系代词who，谓语动词为wants，宾语为someone，空格与其前面的to和后面的him一起构成动词不定式结构，作宾语补足语。由此推断，空格处应为及物动词（词组）原形。

28.【答案解析】back and forth  空格出现在由as引导的时间状语从句中。其中they作主语，move作谓语，rapidly作状语。分析句意可知，they指代“finger”，因此move为不及物动词。由此推断，空格处作状语，可能是副词（词组）、介词短语、动词不定式短语、分词(短语)等形式。

29.【答案解析】opposite  空格所在句是一个由but连接的并列句。空格所在的分句二主谓宾结构完整，空格所在部分与分句二以逗号隔开，作状语。鉴于空前是定冠词the，空后是介词of，本空应该填入一个具有名词性质的词（组）。

30.【答案解析】indicates  空格位于when引导的时间状语从句中，该从句缺少谓语。由于从句主语he为单数，且整篇文章以一般现在时为基础，空格处应填入动词（词组）的第三人称单数形式。

31.【答案解析】referring to空格所在的 whether引导的宾语从句中，主语是he，系动词是is，空格处作表语。此外，由空格后的名词短语可知，本空可能为现在分词（短语）、过去分词（短语）或“形容词+介词”等形式。

32.【答案解析】parallel to  空格出现在If引导的条件状语从句中，且从句主谓宾结构完整。结合上下文语境分析，空格处应作宾语the palm of the hand的补足语。此外，考虑到空格后有名词floor，形式可能是介词词组、形容词词组、分词(短语)等。

33.【答案解析】reserved  分析句子结构可知，空格可能在句中作表语，也可能与is构成现在进行式或被动语态，共同作谓语。由此可知空格处可能填入名词、形容词、现在分词、过去分词等。

34.【答案解析】at a right angle  空格所在句主谓宾结构完整。分析发现，本空与32题的空格处句型一致，所填词同样充当the palm of his hand的宾语补足语。因此本空应该也是描述手掌的位置，故需要填入一个表方位的词（组），其形式可能是介词词组、形容词词组、分词（短语）等。

35.【答案解析】embarrassing  分析后可知，空格所在句主谓宾结构完整。not only…but also连接humorous与本空构成并列结构。由此推断，所填词很可能与humorous一样为形容词，共同作moments的定语。